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Genomic interpretation

Your Report

Curaen
72 markers read
not retained
72 markers analysed 20 clinical variants 4,684 trait associations 328 drug-response markers
Analysed in-session · educational only, not medical advice
I

Safety flags

5 things your DNA says to be careful with. These protect you; nothing is sold here.

ALDH2 · rs671 genotype  A·A

Alcohol hits you harder than most

Your ALDH2 variant slows the breakdown of acetaldehyde, alcohol's toxic intermediate — that's the flush, but it also means regular drinking carries a markedly higher esophageal-cancer risk for you. The reliable lever is to limit or skip alcohol. This is a risk flag, not a diagnosis — discuss it with your doctor.

PubMed 37795758 · ALDH2 rs671, alcohol & esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
HFE · rs1800562 genotype  A·A

Go easy on iron supplements

You carry the HFE C282Y variant, the main genotype behind hereditary hemochromatosis (iron overload), and strongest if you're homozygous. Avoid iron-containing supplements, and don't pair high-dose vitamin C with iron-rich meals, unless a doctor has reviewed your iron labs.

PubMed 29620054 · HFE C282Y & iron overload
HFE · rs1799945 genotype  G·G

Be cautious with iron supplements

You carry the HFE H63D variant, associated with higher iron absorption and serum iron, especially as a homozygote or alongside C282Y. Be cautious with iron supplements unless your iron labs say otherwise.

We held back a suggestion for Gentle Iron (bisglycinate) — only if labs confirm low iron; your safety comes before any recommendation.

PubMed 40322196 · HFE H63D & iron status
G6PD · rs1050828 genotype  T·T

Skip high-dose vitamin C

You carry a G6PD-deficiency variant. High-dose vitamin C and other strong oxidants can trigger red-blood-cell breakdown (hemolysis) in G6PD deficiency. Keep vitamin C to normal dietary / RDA amounts. This matters most for males, who carry a single X copy. This is a risk flag, not a diagnosis — a clinician can confirm G6PD status with a simple blood test.

PubMed 38898838 · G6PD deficiency & vitamin C hemolysis
G6PD · rs5030868 genotype  T·T

Skip high-dose vitamin C (Mediterranean G6PD)

You carry the G6PD Mediterranean variant, one of the more severe deficiency forms. High-dose vitamin C and other strong oxidants (and fava beans, certain drugs) can trigger red-blood-cell breakdown. Keep vitamin C to normal dietary amounts. This matters most for males, who carry a single X copy. This is a risk flag, not a diagnosis — a clinician can confirm G6PD status with a simple blood test.

PubMed 38898838 · G6PD deficiency & vitamin C hemolysis
II

Your regimen

12 supplements matched to specific markers in your DNA, each labelled with its evidence tier honestly.

MTHFR · rs1801133 genotype  A·A

L-Methylfolate (5-MTHF)

Your MTHFR variant slows how efficiently you convert ordinary folic acid into the active folate your cells actually use. L-Methylfolate (5-MTHF) is already in that active form, so it skips the bottleneck. For your genotype, it is simply the more usable folate.

PubMed 19917061 · Prinz-Langenohl R, Brämswig S, Tobolski O, Smulders YM, Smith DEC, Finglas PM, Pietrzik K. 2009, Br J Pharmacol 158(8):2014-21. In women genotyped MTHFR 677TT (n=16) and CC (n=8), plasma folate AUC and Cmax were significantly higher and tmax significantly shorter for [6S]-5-MTHF than for folic acid in BOTH genotypes; "[6S]-5-MTHF increases plasma folate more effectively than FA irrespective of the 677C>T mutation."
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FADS1 · rs174546 genotype  T·T

Triglyceride-form Fish Oil (EPA/DHA)

Your FADS1 variant makes you a slower converter of plant-based omega-3 (ALA) into the active EPA and DHA your body runs on. Triglyceride-form fish oil delivers EPA and DHA directly, so you skip the conversion step entirely.

PubMed 24890013 · AlSaleh et al. 2014, Genes & Nutrition (MARINA RCT, n=267): FADS1 rs174546 showed a significant genotype x treatment interaction on plasma triglyceride response (P=0.047). At 1.8 g/day EPA/DHA, plasma TG fell 21.6% (95% CI -32.1 to -11.2) in T-allele carriers (CT/TT, n=37) vs 3.5% (95% CI -15.1 to +8.2) in non-carriers, with a significant treatment difference in carriers (P=0.007).
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GC · rs7041 genotype  T·T

Vitamin D3 + K2

Your GC variant lowers how well your blood transports vitamin D, which raises your risk of running low. Vitamin D3 rebuilds your levels; the K2 alongside it steers calcium into your bones rather than your arteries.

PubMed 29196501 · Ganz AB, Park H, Malysheva OV, Caudill MA, 2018, FASEB J. "Vitamin D binding protein rs7041 genotype alters vitamin D metabolism in pregnant women": T-allele carriers had lower circulating 25(OH)D in a clear gene-dose pattern (TT = 80% of GG levels, P=0.05; GT = 85% of GG, P=0.1), and the T allele attenuated (GT) or abolished (TT) the normal pregnancy rise in vitamin D binding protein.
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PEMT · rs7946 genotype  T·T

Choline (CDP-Choline / Alpha-GPC)

Your PEMT rs7946 (V175M) variant reduces how much phosphatidylcholine your body makes on its own, so your dietary choline requirement runs higher, and in this genotype choline intake specifically tracks with liver-fat risk. A choline supplement (or choline-rich foods like eggs and liver) helps cover the gap.

PubMed 37513629 · PEMT rs7946 modifies choline's effect on hepatic steatosis
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MTHFR · rs1801131 genotype  C·C

L-Methylfolate (5-MTHF)

Your MTHFR A1298C variant modestly lowers folate-activating capacity (it pairs with the more-studied C677T). Methylfolate is the pre-activated form, so it skips the slow conversion step — carriers of these variants show a greater drop in homocysteine when supplemented with methyl-folate.

PubMed 38892484 · MTHFR genotype & methylfolate homocysteine response
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LCT · rs4988235 genotype  G·G

Lactase Enzyme

Your LCT genotype is the lactase-non-persistent type: as an adult you make little of the enzyme that breaks down lactose. A lactase enzyme taken with dairy does that job for you, so milk and cheese sit easier.

PubMed 33490624 · Baijal R, Tandon RK, 2020, JGH Open 5(1):143-148. Randomized double-blind crossover placebo-controlled trial in adults with lactose intolerance (confirmed by lactose hydrogen breath test): oral lactase enzyme significantly improved clinical symptom scores and reduced breath hydrogen (both P<0.05; 55% reduction in cumulative H2 over 180 min vs placebo). Genotype link (rs4988235 GG = lactase non-persistence): NCBI dbSNP rs4988235 (G=reference; A allele associated with lactase persistence) and SNPedia/multiple reviews — GG (= C/C at -13910 on minus-strand MCM6) = adult lactase non-persistence/lactose intolerance.
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MTHFR · rs1801133 genotype  A·A  ·  general evidence

Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)

Because you carry two copies of MTHFR C677T, the enzyme depends more on its riboflavin (B2) cofactor to stay stable. In 677TT individuals specifically, riboflavin supplementation has been shown to lower blood pressure, a cheap, low-risk lever alongside methylfolate.

PubMed 27170501 · riboflavin lowers BP in MTHFR 677TT
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APOA5 · rs662799 genotype  G·G  ·  general evidence

Triglyceride-form Fish Oil (EPA/DHA)

Your APOA5 -1131C variant raises your triglyceride response to dietary fat. Omega-3s (EPA/DHA) are a well-established way to lower triglycerides, a GENERAL benefit, but one that matters more for you because your genetics push triglycerides up. Pair with limiting refined carbs.

PubMed 19159622 · APOA5 -1131T>C (rs662799) & plasma triglycerides
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CYP2R1 · rs10741657 genotype  G·G  ·  general evidence

Vitamin D3 + K2

Your CYP2R1 rs10741657 G allele is associated with lower circulating vitamin D and a higher chance of running deficient, so testing your levels and considering D3 is sensible for you. The vitamin-D benefit itself is GENERAL (not unique to your genotype): your genetics raise your baseline risk of being low, not your response to the supplement.

PubMed 30120973 · CYP2R1 rs10741657 & 25(OH)D / deficiency risk
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TCF7L2 · rs7903146 genotype  C·T  ·  general evidence

Berberine

Your TCF7L2 result at rs7903146 includes the T variant — the single strongest common genetic signal linked to type 2 diabetes risk. It acts mainly by making the insulin-releasing beta cells in your pancreas less responsive to the meal-time signals (the incretin hormones GLP-1 and GIP) that trigger insulin, with a secondary tendency toward higher glucose output from the liver — so blood sugar can run higher than it otherwise would. This is one of the best-established gene-trait links in nutrigenomics, which makes supporting healthy blood sugar a sensible focus for you (the signal is strongest if you carry two T copies / TT, and more modest with one copy / CT). Berberine is a well-studied plant compound that, across many randomized trials, has been shown to support healthy fasting glucose and insulin sensitivity. Two honesty notes: first, this is a GENERAL glucose-support suggestion — there is no published evidence that berberine works specifically because of your TCF7L2 genotype (the only genotype-stratified studies are unfinished, vendor-sponsored pilots with no posted results). Second, berberine acts mainly on insulin sensitivity and liver glucose output, which is a different mechanism from the insulin-secretion/incretin pathway this variant affects — so think of it as general metabolic support that fits your overall picture, not a targeted match to your DNA. The biggest, best-evidenced levers for T-allele carriers remain diet and physical activity. Please talk with your doctor before starting berberine, especially if you take any blood-sugar or other prescription medications, as it can affect blood sugar and interact with several drugs.

PMID:16415884 — Grant SFA et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet. 2006;38(3):320-3. (Load-bearing gene->trait citation. Supporting: PMID:19934000 for the incretin-action mechanism; PMID:34956436 for general genotype-agnostic berberine glucose meta-analysis.)
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MTRR · rs1801394 genotype  G·G  ·  general evidence

Methylcobalamin (Vitamin B12)

Your MTRR A66G variant alters how efficiently you recycle vitamin B12 in the methylation cycle, nudging homocysteine higher. The B12 benefit here is GENERAL (not unique to your genotype): your variant just makes keeping good B12 status, in the active methylcobalamin form, more worthwhile.

PubMed 37917901 · MTRR A66G & B12 / homocysteine status
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CYP1A2 · rs762551 genotype  A·C  ·  general evidence

L-Theanine

Your CYP1A2 (rs762551) genotype means you carry at least one C allele, so you tend to clear caffeine more slowly — fully so if you're CC, and to an intermediate degree if you're AC. That's a real, well-studied trait: caffeine can linger longer and its effects feel more prolonged, which is why moderating caffeine and keeping it earlier in the day is the most reliable lever for you. L-theanine is an amino acid found in tea with modest general evidence for supporting a calmer, steadier sense of well-being and helping the body manage everyday stress (typically studied around 200 mg/day). To be straight with you: this is a general benefit, not a genotype-specific one. There's no evidence L-theanine helps slow caffeine metabolizers more than anyone else, controlled trials have not shown it reliably takes the "jitters" off caffeine, and its occasional blood-pressure effect doesn't hold up consistently across studies — so we're not leaning on that either. Think of L-theanine as gentle, low-risk support for calm focus that pairs nicely with your coffee or tea. It supports — it doesn't treat or prevent anything.

PMID:17891480 — Rogers PJ et al., Psychopharmacology 2008 (L-theanine did NOT reduce caffeine-induced jitteriness/anxiety/mood; supports stripping the genotype-targeted anti-jitter claim). Supporting general-stress evidence: PMID:31623400 (Hidese 2019 RCT, 200 mg/day) and PMID:31758301 (Williams 2020 review). Genotype trait: Cornelis MC et al., JAMA 2006;295:1135 (C-carriers AC/CC = slow caffeine metabolizers).
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These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

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The science changes constantly. Join the early list — once monitoring launches, we'll watch the literature on your specific markers and email you when something relevant lands. Cancel anytime.

III

The full read

Every marker we read, grouped by what it shapes — 72 of 72 interpreted from your file.

Nutrition & Metabolism

24/24

How your body handles food, fats, vitamins and minerals — the levers your regimen pulls.

FTO · rs9939609 T·T
Obesity Risk & Appetite (FTO)
No risk — standard appetite

No FTO obesity risk alleles. Standard appetite regulation and satiety signaling.

PubMed 26287746 · Claussnitzer M 2015 N Engl J Med
APOA2 · rs5082 G·G
Saturated Fat Sensitivity
Sensitive to saturated fat

Homozygous risk. High saturated fat intake (>22g/day) associated with significantly higher BMI and obesity risk for this genotype. Should limit butter, cheese, fatty meat.

PubMed 29901700 · Lai CQ 2018 Am J Clin Nutr
PPARG · rs1801282 C·C
Fat Storage & Insulin Sensitivity (Pro12Ala)
Standard fat storage

Normal PPARG function. Standard adipogenesis (fat cell creation) and insulin sensitivity.

PubMed 37867527 · Roshandel D 2023, Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
APOA5 · rs662799 G·G
Triglyceride Response to Dietary Fat
High triglyceride response

Strongly elevated triglycerides from dietary fat. Omega-3 supplementation and low-fat diet especially important.

PubMed 19159622 · Jang 2009, Clin Chim Acta (APOA5 -1131T>C & triglycerides)
FADS1 · rs174546 T·T
Omega-3/6 Conversion (Delta-5 Desaturase)
Poor converter — needs preformed EPA/DHA

Low FADS1 activity. Cannot efficiently convert plant ALA to usable EPA/DHA. Must get omega-3 directly from fatty fish (salmon, sardines, mackerel) or quality fish oil supplement.

PubMed 24890013 · AlSaleh et al. 2014, Genes & Nutrition (MARINA RCT, n=267): FADS1 rs174546 showed a significant genotype x treatment interaction on plasma triglyceride response (P=0.047). At 1.8 g/day EPA/DHA, plasma TG fell 21.6% (95% CI -32.1 to -11.2) in T-allele carriers (CT/TT, n=37) vs 3.5% (95% CI -15.1 to +8.2) in non-carriers, with a significant treatment difference in carriers (P=0.007).
BCMO1 · rs12934922 A·A
Beta-Carotene to Vitamin A Conversion
Poor converter (~69% reduced)

Severely reduced beta-carotene conversion. Carrots and sweet potatoes alone won't provide enough vitamin A. Needs retinol from animal sources (liver, eggs, dairy, butter) or preformed supplements.

PubMed 20599666 · Lietz G 2010 Arch Biochem Biophys
FUT2 · rs602662 A·A
Vitamin B12 Absorption (Secretor Status)
Non-secretor — reduced B12 (~15-20% lower)

Non-functional FUT2. ~15-20% lower B12 levels on average. May benefit from B12 supplementation (methylcobalamin form). Also affects gut microbiome composition.

PubMed 23754956 · Grarup N 2013, PLoS Genet
GC · rs7041 T·T
Vitamin D Binding Protein
Low binding — high D deficiency risk

Significantly reduced vitamin D binding protein. High risk of deficiency. D3 supplementation (2000-5000 IU/day) and regular testing recommended.

PubMed 29196501 · Ganz AB, Park H, Malysheva OV, Caudill MA, 2018, FASEB J. "Vitamin D binding protein rs7041 genotype alters vitamin D metabolism in pregnant women": T-allele carriers had lower circulating 25(OH)D in a clear gene-dose pattern (TT = 80% of GG levels, P=0.05; GT = 85% of GG, P=0.1), and the T allele attenuated (GT) or abolished (TT) the normal pregnancy rise in vitamin D binding protein.
PEMT · rs7946 T·T
Choline Requirement (PEMT V175M)
Lowest PEMT activity — highest choline need

Two V175M (T) alleles. Markedly reduced internal phosphatidylcholine synthesis; in this genotype dietary choline intake specifically tracks with liver-fat risk. Prioritize choline.

PubMed 37513629 · PEMT rs7946 modifies choline's effect on hepatic steatosis
CYP2R1 · rs10741657 G·G
Vitamin D Activation (CYP2R1)
Lowest — higher deficiency risk

Two G alleles. Associated with the lowest vitamin D levels and highest deficiency risk. Test levels and supplement D3.

PubMed 30120973 · CYP2R1 rs10741657 & 25(OH)D / deficiency risk
TMPRSS6 · rs855791 T·T
Iron Status (TMPRSS6 V736A)
Lower iron tendency

Two T alleles — associated with lower hemoglobin (~0.2 g/dL) and iron stores. Check ferritin/iron labs; a gentle iron supplement helps only if they confirm low iron (don't supplement blindly).

PubMed 39991164 · TMPRSS6 rs855791 & iron status / hepcidin
MC4R · rs17782313 T·T
Appetite Regulation (Melanocortin-4 Receptor)
Normal appetite regulation

Standard MC4R function. Normal hunger and satiety signaling.

PubMed 28273060 · Mosialou I 2017 Nature
LEPR · rs1137101 A·A
Satiety Signaling (Leptin Receptor)
Normal satiety — feels full normally

Standard leptin receptor function. Normal fullness signaling after meals.

PubMed 34084149 · Obradovic M 2021 Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)
TCF7L2 · rs7903146 C·T
Carb Processing & Diabetes Risk
Impaired carb processing (1.4x diabetes risk)

One risk allele. Reduced insulin secretion in response to carbohydrates. Lower-glycemic diet benefits this genotype more than average. Pair carbs with protein/fat.

PMID:16415884 — Grant SFA et al. Variant of transcription factor 7-like 2 (TCF7L2) gene confers risk of type 2 diabetes. Nat Genet. 2006;38(3):320-3. (Load-bearing gene->trait citation. Supporting: PMID:19934000 for the incretin-action mechanism; PMID:34956436 for general genotype-agnostic berberine glucose meta-analysis.)
SOD2 · rs4880 A·A
Antioxidant Defense (Manganese SOD)
Lower SOD2 activity — needs more antioxidants

Reduced mitochondrial antioxidant defense. Higher oxidative stress. Eat antioxidant-rich foods: berries, dark chocolate, leafy greens, green tea. Consider CoQ10 supplement.

PubMed 21473702 · Fukai T 2011 Antioxid Redox Signal
GSTP1 · rs1695 A·G
Cruciferous Vegetable Benefit (Glutathione S-transferase)
Reduced detox — extra cruciferous recommended

One variant allele. Reduced phase II detoxification. Extra cruciferous vegetables are especially beneficial — sulforaphane activates compensatory pathways.

PubMed 36444599 · Baghaei A 2022 Asian Pac J Cancer Prev
AGT · rs699 G·G
Salt Sensitivity (Angiotensinogen)
Salt-sensitive — watch sodium

Two copies of the AGT M235T risk allele. Blood pressure is significantly affected by sodium. Actively limit salt and lean on potassium-rich foods (leafy greens, potatoes, beans).

PubMed 39972214 · Niu L 2025, Nat Genet
LIPC · rs1800588 C·C
HDL Cholesterol (Hepatic Lipase)
Lower HDL tendency

Higher hepatic lipase activity. Tends toward lower HDL (good cholesterol). Exercise and monounsaturated fats (olive oil, avocado, nuts) help raise HDL.

PubMed 32203549 · Richardson TG 2020, PLoS Med
HFE · rs1800562 A·A
Iron Overload Risk (HFE C282Y)
C282Y homozygous

Two copies of HFE C282Y — the main genotype for hereditary hemochromatosis (systemic iron overload). Avoid supplemental iron unless a doctor has reviewed your iron labs.

PubMed 29620054 · HFE C282Y & iron overload
HFE · rs1799945 G·G
Iron Absorption (HFE H63D)
H63D homozygous

Two copies of HFE H63D — associated with higher serum iron and transferrin saturation. Use caution with iron supplements; consider checking iron labs.

PubMed 40322196 · HFE H63D & iron status
G6PD · rs1050828 T·T
G6PD Deficiency (oxidative-stress sensitivity)
G6PD deficiency

G6PD-deficiency genotype. Red blood cells are vulnerable to oxidative stress — avoid high-dose vitamin C and known triggers (certain drugs, fava beans) that can cause hemolysis.

PubMed 38898838 · G6PD deficiency & vitamin C hemolysis
MTHFR · rs1801131 C·C
Folate Metabolism (MTHFR A1298C)
Two A1298C alleles — reduced

Homozygous A1298C. Reduced folate-activating capacity; methylfolate (5-MTHF) is the more usable folate form for you.

PubMed 38892484 · MTHFR genotype & methylfolate homocysteine response
MTRR · rs1801394 G·G
B12 Recycling (MTRR A66G)
Two A66G alleles

Homozygous G — altered B12 utilization linked to higher homocysteine. Ensuring good B12 status (methylcobalamin) is sensible.

PubMed 37917901 · MTRR A66G & B12 / homocysteine status
G6PD · rs5030868 T·T
G6PD Deficiency — Mediterranean variant
G6PD deficiency (Mediterranean)

Mediterranean-variant G6PD deficiency — one of the more severe forms. Red cells are vulnerable to oxidative stress: avoid high-dose vitamin C, fava beans, and known oxidant drugs.

PubMed 38898838 · G6PD deficiency & vitamin C hemolysis

Uric Acid & Gout

7/7

Your genetic load on urate handling.

SLC2A9 · rs734553 G·G
Urate Transport #1 (GLUT9)
Protective — efficient urate clearance

Optimal SLC2A9/GLUT9 transporter function. Efficiently clears uric acid through the kidneys. SLC2A9 is the single most important gene for serum urate levels, explaining 3-5% of population variance.

PubMed 33798500 · Dalbeth N 2021 Lancet
ABCG2 · rs2231142 G·G
Urate Excretion #2 (ABCG2 Q141K)
Normal — functional urate excretion

Fully functional ABCG2 transporter. Normal uric acid excretion through kidneys and gut. ABCG2 is the second most important gout gene.

PubMed 38658550 · Cho C 2024, Nat Commun
GCKR · rs1260326 C·C
Metabolic Urate Production (Glucokinase Regulator)
Lower urate production

Standard GCKR function. Lower metabolic urate production through the purine synthesis pathway.

PubMed 38658550 · Cho C 2024, Nat Commun
SLC2A9 · rs3775948 G·G
Urate Transport (GLUT9 variant 2)
Protective — efficient transport

Optimal SLC2A9 function at this locus. Part of the protective haplotype block.

PubMed 38658550 · Cho C 2024, Nat Commun
SLC2A9 · rs13129697 G·G
Urate Transport (GLUT9 variant 3)
Protective

Protective allele at this SLC2A9 position.

PubMed 20884846 · Yang Q 2010, Circ Cardiovasc Genet
ABCG2 · rs3733591 C·C
Urate Excretion (ABCG2 variant 2)
Normal ABCG2 function

Standard urate excretion at this ABCG2 position.

PubMed 38412863 · Xu YX 2024 Cell Host Microbe
PDZK1 · rs1967017 C·T
Urate Transporter Scaffolding (PDZK1)
Intermediate

Heterozygous. PDZK1 is a scaffolding protein that organizes urate transporters at the cell membrane. One variant allele.

PubMed 25811787 · Huffman JE 2015, PLoS One

Body & Performance

6/6

Caffeine, alcohol, lactose, muscle fiber type and more.

OPRM1 · rs1799971 A·A
Pain Sensitivity & Social Bonding (Opioid Receptor)
Typical opioid receptor function

Standard pain sensitivity and social bonding response. Normal response to opioid medications.

PubMed 25565999 · Loseth GE 2014 Front Behav Neurosci
CYP1A2 · rs762551 A·C
Caffeine Metabolism
Slow metabolizer

Caffeine lingers longer in your system. More than 2-3 cups/day associated with increased heart attack risk for this genotype. Afternoon caffeine will disrupt sleep more.

PMID:17891480 — Rogers PJ et al., Psychopharmacology 2008 (L-theanine did NOT reduce caffeine-induced jitteriness/anxiety/mood; supports stripping the genotype-targeted anti-jitter claim). Supporting general-stress evidence: PMID:31623400 (Hidese 2019 RCT, 200 mg/day) and PMID:31758301 (Williams 2020 review). Genotype trait: Cornelis MC et al., JAMA 2006;295:1135 (C-carriers AC/CC = slow caffeine metabolizers).
ALDH2 · rs671 A·A
Alcohol Flush Reaction
Strong flush reaction

Both copies deficient. Severe alcohol intolerance. Very high esophageal cancer risk if drinking regularly.

PubMed 37795758 · Zhang 2023, Cancer Med (ALDH2 rs671, alcohol & esophageal SCC)
MCM6/LCT · rs4988235 G·G
Lactose Tolerance
Lactose intolerant

Lactase non-persistent. Stops producing lactase enzyme. Dairy causes bloating, gas, discomfort.

PubMed 33490624 · Baijal R, Tandon RK, 2020, JGH Open 5(1):143-148. Randomized double-blind crossover placebo-controlled trial in adults with lactose intolerance (confirmed by lactose hydrogen breath test): oral lactase enzyme significantly improved clinical symptom scores and reduced breath hydrogen (both P<0.05; 55% reduction in cumulative H2 over 180 min vs placebo). Genotype link (rs4988235 GG = lactase non-persistence): NCBI dbSNP rs4988235 (G=reference; A allele associated with lactase persistence) and SNPedia/multiple reviews — GG (= C/C at -13910 on minus-strand MCM6) = adult lactase non-persistence/lactose intolerance.
ACTN3 · rs1815739 C·C
Muscle Fiber Type (Sprinter vs Endurance)
Sprinter / Power athlete

Full alpha-actinin-3 expression. Fast-twitch muscle fibers optimized for explosive power, sprinting, and strength.

PubMed 36071172 · Wang Z 2022 Nat Genet
MC1R · rs1805007 C·C
Red Hair / Freckling / Pain Sensitivity (MC1R R151C)
No variant — typical pigmentation

Normal MC1R function. No increased freckling, red hair, or pain sensitivity from this variant.

PubMed 30531825 · Morgan MD 2018, Nat Commun

Cognitive Performance

15/15

Variants studied in relation to memory, learning and mental processing.

SNAP25 · rs363050 G·G
Synaptic IQ (SNAP25)
Higher IQ association (+3-7 pts)

Two copies of the G allele at SNAP25, a key synaptic vesicle docking protein. Associated with higher performance IQ in multiple studies. SNAP25 is critical for neurotransmitter release.

PubMed 40181518 · Østergaard M 2025 Brain
DRD2 · rs2283265 A·A
Prefrontal Working Memory (DRD2 Intron)
Most efficient prefrontal processing

Two copies. Associated with the most efficient prefrontal cortex activation during working memory tasks (Zhang et al. 2007). Less neural 'noise' during cognitive work.

PubMed 24819610 · Di Giorgio A 2014 PLoS One
DRD2 · rs1076560 A·A
Cortical Dopamine Processing (DRD2 Splice)
Altered D2 isoform ratio — enhanced

Shifts DRD2 long/short isoform balance. Associated with more efficient striatal-prefrontal cortex coupling.

PubMed 23856628 · Bari A 2013 Prog Neurobiol
ADRA2A · rs1800544 C·C
Attention & Working Memory (Alpha-2A Adrenergic)
Enhanced attention/working memory

Associated with better sustained attention and working memory performance. The alpha-2A receptor modulates prefrontal norepinephrine signaling.

PubMed 11304829 · Xu C 2001 Am J Med Genet
COMT · rs165599 G·G
Executive Function (COMT 3'UTR)
Altered COMT mRNA stability

Affects COMT mRNA processing. Combined with rs4680 (Val/Met), modulates overall dopamine tone in prefrontal cortex. G allele associated with modified executive function.

PubMed 38739620 · Apa Z 2024 PLoS One
NRG1 · rs6994992 T·T
White Matter & Neuroplasticity (Neuregulin-1)
Altered NRG1 signaling

Two T alleles. Associated with changes in white matter integrity and myelination. NRG1 is critical for neural development and synaptic plasticity.

PubMed 25871612 · Suárez-Pinilla P 2015 Neuropsychobiology
FOXP2 · rs7782412 C·C
Language & Speech (FOXP2)
Typical FOXP2 — standard language

Common genotype at FOXP2, the 'language gene.' FOXP2 is the first gene directly linked to speech and language ability in humans.

PubMed 27336128 · Morgan A 1993
CACNA1C · rs1006737 A·A
Creativity & Verbal Fluency (Calcium Channel)
Enhanced creativity / verbal fluency

Two copies of the A allele. Associated with higher creative achievement and verbal fluency in large studies. Also linked to bipolar susceptibility — the creativity-mood connection. Voltage-gated calcium channels modulate neural oscillation patterns.

PubMed 31033230 · Zhu D 2019 Brain Behav
ANK3 · rs10994359 C·C
Cognitive Flexibility & Creativity (Ankyrin-G)
Typical ankyrin-G function

Standard ANK3 expression. Normal axon initial segment formation and neural excitability.

PubMed 21926974 · Schizophrenia Psychiatric Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Consortium 2011 Nat Genet
DCDC2 · rs4950 A·A
Reading Ability / Dyslexia (DCDC2)
No dyslexia risk from this variant

Standard DCDC2 function. This gene is involved in neuronal migration in the cerebral cortex during development, critical for reading circuits.

PubMed 29232042 · Rendall AR 2019 Genes Brain Behav
ATXN1 · rs4851266 C·C
Educational Attainment (ATXN1)
EA-associated genotype

Ataxin-1 variant associated with higher educational attainment in GWAS (Lee et al. 2018, n=1.1M). Effect is tiny per-SNP but well-replicated.

PubMed 23722424 · Rietveld CA 2013, Science
MIR2113 · rs2457660 C·C
Intelligence (MIR2113 - microRNA region)
Intelligence-associated genotype

C allele associated with higher cognitive ability in Savage et al. 2018 (n=269K). MicroRNA region affecting gene regulation in brain tissue.

NRXN1 · rs1045881 C·C
Synaptic Function (Neurexin-1)
Standard neurexin-1

Typical NRXN1 synaptic adhesion function. Neurexins are critical for synapse formation and neurotransmitter release.

PubMed 40791539 · English J 2025 bioRxiv
CTSD · rs17571 G·G
Cognitive Aging (Cathepsin D)
Standard — lower cognitive decline risk

Normal cathepsin D function. This lysosomal protease clears amyloid precursors. GG genotype is protective against accelerated cognitive aging.

PubMed 36087066 · Rovira M 2022 Aging Cell
MTHFR · rs1801133 A·A
Folate-Cognition Link (MTHFR C677T)
Reduced to ~30% activity

Two C677T copies. Significant folate metabolism reduction. Methylfolate supplementation strongly recommended. Low folate directly impacts neurotransmitter synthesis and DNA repair.

PubMed 27170501 · riboflavin lowers BP in MTHFR 677TT

Memory & Neuroplasticity

5/5

How your brain forms and keeps memories.

BDNF · rs6265 C·C
Memory & Neuroplasticity (BDNF)
Val/Val — Normal BDNF secretion

Standard activity-dependent BDNF release. Exercise provides a strong cognitive boost — your brain responds well to physical activity for memory and learning.

PubMed 33096634 · Colucci-D'Amato L 2020 Int J Mol Sci
TESC/HRK · rs7294919 T·T
Hippocampal Volume
Typical hippocampal volume

Standard hippocampal size. Normal baseline for memory structure.

PubMed 22504421 · Bis JC 2012, Nat Genet
KIBRA/WWC1 · rs17070145 T·T
Episodic Memory
Enhanced episodic memory

Best memory performance. Vivid recall of events and experiences.

PubMed 24117625 · Vogt-Eisele A 2014 J Neurochem
DBH · rs1611115 C·C
Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase (Attention & Norepinephrine)
Efficient NE conversion

Normal DBH activity. Efficiently converts dopamine to norepinephrine. Exercise produces a clean norepinephrine boost that significantly improves sustained attention. This genotype responds especially well to physical activity before cognitive tasks.

PubMed 39972214 · Niu L 2025, Nat Genet
CHRNA4 · rs1044396 C·C
Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (Sustained Attention)
Enhanced sustained attention

Homozygous for the allele associated with better sustained attention via the cholinergic system. Stronger nicotinic receptor function supports vigilance and focus during monotonous tasks.

PubMed 38056431 · Pan C 2023 Cell Metab

Temperament & Reward

10/10

Dopamine, stress resilience, empathy and bonding.

COMT · rs4680 G·G
Warrior vs Worrier (Dopamine Clearance)
Warrior (Val/Val)

Fast dopamine clearance. Performs better under stress, calmer in crisis. Lower baseline dopamine — needs more stimulation to stay engaged. More likely to take risks, less likely to ruminate.

PubMed 26560848 · Jin 2016, Genes Brain Behav (COMT Val158Met & executive function)
DRD2/ANKK1 · rs1800497 C·C
Dopamine Receptor Density (Taq1A)
Normal D2 receptor density

Standard dopamine receptor availability. Normal reward sensitivity.

PubMed 25237117 · Fagundo AB 2014 J Psychopharmacol
TPH2 · rs4570625 G·G
Serotonin Synthesis / Emotional Reactivity
Standard serotonin synthesis

Normal tryptophan hydroxylase-2 activity. Standard emotional reactivity.

PubMed 37666184 · Liu C 2023 Eur Neuropsychopharmacol
OXTR · rs53576 G·G
Empathy & Stress Resilience (Oxytocin Receptor)
Enhanced empathy & stress resilience

Optimal oxytocin receptor expression. More empathetic, handles stress better, more optimistic. Better at reading social cues.

PubMed 33892530 · Chander RJ 2022 Rev Neurosci
ADRB2 · rs1042713 G·G
Fight-or-Flight Response (Beta-2 Adrenergic Receptor)
Enhanced adrenaline response

Arg/Arg genotype. Stronger beta-adrenergic activation during stress. More intense fight-or-flight surges. May respond differently to beta-agonist medications (albuterol).

PubMed 33181690 · Yan L 2020 Medicine (Baltimore)
HTR2A · rs6311 C·C
Serotonin Receptor (Antidepressant Response)
Standard receptor expression

Typical 5-HT2A receptor density. Standard SSRI response expected.

PubMed 32946782 · Kim K 2020 Cell
FAAH · rs324420 C·C
Endocannabinoid Tone (Placebo & Reward)
Standard FAAH — lower anandamide

Normal FAAH enzyme activity. Lower baseline anandamide (the 'bliss molecule'). Reduced placebo response, less susceptible to vague feel-good marketing. More skeptical by default — needs concrete evidence to feel reward.

PubMed 29729263 · Toczek M 2018 Life Sci
GABRA2 · rs279858 C·C
GABA-A Receptor (Impulse Control & Reward)
Standard GABA-A — typical impulse control

Normal GABRA2 expression. Typical GABAergic inhibitory signaling. Standard impulse control baseline.

PubMed 36216503 · Castellano D 2022 J Neurosci
FKBP5 · rs1360780 C·C
Cortisol Sensitivity (Stress Response & HPA Axis)
Standard cortisol regulation

Normal FKBP5 function. Typical HPA axis feedback. Standard cortisol response to stress — neither amplified nor dampened.

PubMed 26410355 · Yehuda R 2016 Biol Psychiatry
CNR1 · rs1049353 C·C
Cannabinoid Receptor 1 (Reward & Relaxation)
Standard CB1 receptor

Normal cannabinoid receptor 1 expression. Typical endocannabinoid reward signaling and stress-relief response.

PubMed 37611908 · Bloch Priel S 2023 Eur J Neurosci

Sleep & Chronotype

2/2

Your circadian wiring — lark or owl.

CLOCK · rs1801260 A·A
Chronotype (Morning Lark vs Night Owl)
Strong night owl tendency

Delayed circadian preference. Naturally inclined toward later bedtimes and later waking.

PubMed 16687322 · Wittmann M 2006 Chronobiol Int
DEC2/BHLHE41 · rs121912617 G·G
Short Sleeper Gene
Normal sleep need

Standard DEC2 function. Requires typical 7-9 hours of sleep.

PubMed 29531056 · Hirano A 2018 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Taste & Smell

2/2

The quirks of how you perceive flavor.

TAS2R38 · rs713598 G·G
Bitter Taste Sensitivity (PAV/AVI)
Non-taster (AVI/AVI)

Cannot taste PROP/PTC bitter compounds. Vegetables like broccoli and kale taste milder.

PubMed 20675712 · Reed DR 2010, Hum Mol Genet
OR6A2 · rs72921001 C·C
Cilantro Soap Taste
Typical — no soap taste

Standard olfactory receptor. Cilantro tastes normal/herbal.

Longevity

1/1

Aging-associated variants.

FOXO3 · rs2802292 T·T
Longevity (FOXO3 Forkhead Box)
Standard longevity variant

No longevity-associated G allele. Average baseline — lifestyle factors still dominate.

PubMed 35004893 · Zhao Y 2021 Front Cardiovasc Med